The area now occupied by the Fortress of Oradea has been a defended position for nearly a millennium. Also known as Oradea Citadel or Cetatea Oradea, this spot is the key center for the city’s religious, military and administrative activities. Walk around the outside and admire its imposing red-brick exterior.
Believed to have been founded toward the end of the 11th century, the fortress played a vital role in the battles with the Austrians, Hungarians and Turks during the 16th and 17th centuries. The fortress was initially built in Roman-style architecture with a Gothic cathedral added later. It was expanded in the 18th century and redesigned in the Renaissance-Baroque style you see today. Notice how the fortress is shaped like a pentagon with five defense towers, an unusual design not often seen in Eastern Europe.
Imagine the happenings behind the thick walls of the fortress over many hundreds of years. In recent centuries the multiple buildings in the fortress have had a variety of functions ranging from regal to mundane. One structure served as a princely palace, another hosted a summer theater. During atheist communist rule, the church became a storage space, while another building held detained opponents of the communist regime.
After a long-term restoration project, the refurbished fortress will feature art galleries, dining venues focused on traditional food and several museums.
Stroll around the fortress’ grand exterior, reflecting on the significant events that have taken place here over the years. The fortress is surrounded by a wide moat, now home to a pleasant park dotted with small ponds. Wander around the park and check out its pretty flowers and plants.
The Fortress of Oradea is located within walking distance of Oradea’s old city center. Find it east of Piaţa Unirii and south of the Crişul Repede or Körös River. To get here, walk past Parcul 1 Decembrie and behind a set of concrete apartment blocks. Explore the origins of Oradea at this important historic site.
